Definition: Color change on leaves
Symptoms: Circular or irregular spots on leaves with colors varying from dark brown to black
Pathogen Type: Fungal
Effects: Leaves, fruits and new buds
Activity Duration: Starts from May~June until defoliation
Side Effects:
- Tree Growth: Does not kill trees but fruit yield and tree growth effects negatively.
- Leaves: Defoliation of young leaves, defoliation of all leaves in mid summer, drop in yield by lowering the photosynthesis surface of leaves
- Fruit: Lack of growth and premature dropping, dark spots on inner & outer shell which results spoilage
- New Buds: Oval or irregular spots death cavities
- Root: No effects
Regional Features: Regions with high relative humidity
Prevention:
- Leaves fallen on the ground must be burnt or buried in a deep hole
- Branches with spots and wounds must be pruned and taken away from the orchard
- If all above do not help, respect to level of the disease chemical treatments need to be applied
Treatment:
- 300gr of Maneb %80 dissolved in 100 liters of water and sprayed on trees in different times
- First application, growing of buds
- Second application, mid season of leaf growth
- Third application, mid season of fruit growth (approximately in the size of nut),
- Other application can be done respect to effect duration of treatment.
- Minimum time between harvest and last treatment application needs be 21 days
